This report focuses on a framework developed for civil society organizations (CSOs) to track the clean-energy transitions of Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. Each country has a complex and dynamic geographic, climatic, social, and economic landscape in which development needs must be balanced with the need to decarbonize economic systems. The framework details how it was derived from evaluating nine case studies, each assessed through substantive, normative, and heuristic lenses.
Key findings include the fact that electric (e-) transport, including Nepal’s e-rickshaw and e-cooking are becoming more popular, that the share of grid-connected solar plants is increasing, and that they can diversify the energy mix. However, rivers face serious risks from too much water and too little water spawned by climate change and degradation. The challenges highlighted include the fact that infrastructures of all types and scales are not adequately adapted to emerging climate risks, data is fragmented, and public policy, in general, is not coherently implemented. To balance development needs with energy decarbonization efforts, this report argues, investment needs to be well-targeted, and infrastructure made more climate resilient. Recommendations include developing harmonized data systems and strengthening evidence-based policy policymaking and applications.
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